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The revitalization of China's manufacturing Thinking (3)
The revitalization of China's manufacturing Thinking (3)
The new century to revive the manufacturing sector in ourcountry,first of all from a technical level, it is necessary tovigorouslyimprove the level of manufacturing technology inChina. Manufacturing technology development of the world'sgeneral trendcan be summarized into four aspects: 1. GreenManufacturing. The face of increasingly severe resource andenvironmentalconstraints, all countries in the formulation ofsustainabledevelopment planning. 2. And high-techintegration. Manufacturing has moved from experience toscience, from thepursuit of productivity and to optimize productsformanufacturability to the predictability of thehigh-quality,high-tech product development, and the predictabilityof thedevelopment from the macro to the micro-predictionpredictionprediction quality and even the atomic scale.
The future of manufacturing will bescience-basedmanufacturing. 3. Information technology willgreatly enhancethe level of manufacturing technology. Web-basedmanufacturing technology will be widely used,manufacturingequipment and manufacturing systems will be flexibleandreconfigurable manufacturing technology to become 21st centuryanotable feature.
4. Extreme manufacturing technology will become themanufacturingtechnology development of important areas. Manufacturingrefers to the extreme in extreme conditions, themanufacturer ofextreme-scale or highly functional devices andfunctional systems.Concentrated in the micro-manufacturing,ultra-precisionmanufacturing, manufacturing giant system and strongmarketmaker. Large metal structures plastic moldingmanufacturingcapabilities for example, after World War II theUnited States,Russia, France and other countries the constructionof a number offrom 4.5 to 75,000 tons of giant hydraulic press,thereby rapidlyimprove a large-scale intercontinental aircraftmanufacturingcapacity and carrying capacity. [3]
Chinese Academy of Engineering, Wu Hequan, the Chinese AcademyofEngineering, Tsinghua University Professor Bai-Cheng Liu andotherexperts, compared with developed countries, China'smanufacturingtechnology gap between the existence of thethree. First,manufacturing technology innovation is notstrong.
Aerospace, rail transportation equipment, oil refining technologytoindependent innovation, but the level is still a wide gapbetweenforeign; communications, home appliances, powergenerationequipment, ships, military aircraft, trucks and iron andsteelmanufacturing, etc. After the introduction, thedomesticenterprises self-development, innovation hassignificantlyimproved; cars, large-scale ethylene complete sets ofequipment,software and other computer systems in the process ofdigestion andabsorption of imported technology, has yet to masterthe systemdesign and core technology; large aircraft,semiconductors andintegrated circuits and special equipment,optical fibermanufacturing equipment, large-scale scientificinstruments andmedical equipment such as large-scale purchase offoreign productsmainly depend on.
Second, weak basic manufacturing technology. Designtechnology, reliability, technology, manufacturing processes,basicmaterials, basic mechanical parts and electronic components,basicmanufacturing equipment, instrumentation and standard system,suchas the development of lagging behind, constraining thedevelopmentof the manufacturing sector. Three manufacturingtechnologyinnovation system are yet to be formed. The vastmajority ofenterprise technology development capacity is weak, thathave notyet become the mainstay of technological innovation; thelack of acapable and relatively stable forces engaged in industrialresearchand development technologies; science and technologyintermediaryservice system is not perfect, not fully play itsrole. Experts said that the current, strongly enhanceChina'stechnological innovation capacity of the manufacturingsector isurgent. [8] [8]
Looking to the future of China's manufacturing scienceandtechnology, we should pay attention to master coretechnologies,improve the capability of independent innovation so asto improveoverall competitiveness, it is necessary to significantlyimprovehigh-tech industry output value accounted for the proportionofmanufacturing output, it is necessary to improve thedomesticmanufacture of major equipment and complete sets of theproportionof to the formation of enterprises as the mainstay oftechnologicalinnovation system. the next few years to create thethree areas oftechnology development for one major sets ofequipment andhigh-tech equipment, 2 new generation of greenmanufacturingprocesses and equipment information of themanufacturing sector 3.Qinghua Machinery Engineering academicianLiu Baicheng in the"project forward" one points out, the futuremanufacture of theso-called science and technology development,with special emphasison key technologies and strengtheningresearch.
Which are design techniques and manufacturing technology,shouldstrengthen the following key technology and its scienceandtechnology research: 1 network-based, collaborative andopeninnovation in complex product design technology and science 2majorprojects in the super-large and key parts andcomponentsmanufacturing technology and science 3 lightweight,precision, andcleaning of molding manufacturing technology andscience 4intelligent, efficient, flexible, ultra-precisionmachiningtechnology and science-based simulation of the 5digital,information-based design and manufacturing Technology andScience 6environmentally friendly, sustainable development ofgreenmanufacturing technology and science. [9] [9]
Manufacturing technology development planning should be adeparturefrom the nation in support of quadrupling GDP and well-offsocietyand take the new road to industrialization planning. To thisend wehave developed with this goal: by 2010, part of thetechnologicallevel of industries to gain access to theinternational advancedlevel. For example, the iron and steelmanufacturingtechnology will reach the international advancedlevel.
High-tech industry output value accounted for the proportionofmanufacturing output in 2000 from 9.3% to 13%; in 2020, theoveralllevel of manufacturing technology into the internationaladvancedlevel, some industries such as communications equipment,iron andsteel manufacturing technology, petroleum refiningtechnology andhousehold appliances manufacturing technology for aleadinglevel. To achieve these strategic objectives,manufacturingtechnology development should be the implementation offourstrategic. First, sustainable development strategies;Second,open innovation strategies; three, improve equipment designandmanufacturing capacity strategies; Fourth, thehigh-techmanufacturing sector to carry out the strategy totransform andgrafting.
In strategies, in the light of the manufacturing sector are themainpart of the national economy, but also are numerouscategories, amultitude of things, it required the governmentorganizationalstructure, planning policy, and supervision servicesto strengthencoordination of macro-management and co-ordination.[4][4]
Development and improve China's manufacturing industry, the keyisto create a powerful group of manufacturingenterprises. Manufacturing power in all countries in the worldhas a group ofwell-known manufacturing companies, such as theUnited States, GM+, General Electric, Caterpillar, Siemens ofGermany.
Daimler - Chrysler, Volkswagen, Japan's Toshiba, Mitsubishi,Toyotaand so on. And these large enterprises throughinter-industrylinkages and inter-enterprise collaboration andleadership led astrong group of manufacturingenterprises.
China has several decades of development in themanufacturingindustry has formed a number of key enterprises,mainly state-ownedlarge enterprises, their larger assets, strongtechnical force, inthe equipment manufacturing industry to takeadvantage of thestatus of the field. "Research on developmentof themanufacturing industry today faces a series of problems, webelievethat the most critical are compatible with the socialistmarketeconomy requires not meet the enterprise system, it has beenabottleneck restricting the development of manufacturingindustries.Entered the 21st century, countries must reform in thepast basedon the use of the historic opportunity to join WTO,promoteenterprises of deep-seated structural reforms, achieve 'fullmarkettransformation type'. This is not only reshapingthecompetitiveness of manufacturing enterprises but also thesurvivaland development of China's manufacturing industry premiseand thekey. "[1] in enterprise reform, the Government should takemeasuresto adjust China's manufacturing enterprises in the formsoforganization, strive to change small-scale enterprises,theproduction of low concentration, there is no economies ofscale,place barriers, low levels of specialization as well asthephenomenon of excessive competition.